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sodium phosphate

V03AG05

Forms & Strengths

Oral solution: sodium dihydrogen phosphate monohydrate 4.8 g and disodium hydrogen phosphate heptahydrate 1.8 g per 5 mL
Enema: sodium biphosphate 19 g and sodium phosphate 7 g per 118 mL delivered volume

Adult Dosing

Bowel cleansing prior to procedures: 45 mL oral solution dissolved in 240 mL clear liquids, repeated 10-14 hours apart
Constipation/Fecal impaction (Rectal): 1 enema (118 mL) administered rectally as a single dose

Pediatric Dosing

Children < 12 years: Safety and efficacy of oral solution not established
Children 2 to 11 years (Rectal enema): 1 pediatric enema (59 mL) administered rectally as a single dose

Indications

Bowel cleansing prior to colonoscopy, radiography, or surgical procedures
Relief of transient constipation or fecal impaction

Mechanism of Action

Acts as an osmotic laxative in the intestinal tract
Draws water into the lumen of the bowel via osmosis, increasing stool volume and stimulating peristalsis

Contraindications

Congestive heart failure
Severe renal impairment or end-stage renal disease
Ascites or acute gastrointestinal conditions (obstruction, perforation, toxic colitis)
Hyperphosphatemia or hypocalcemia
Known hypersensitivity to sodium phosphate products

Adverse Reactions

Electrolyte disturbances (hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, hypokalemia, hypernatremia)
Dehydration and acute phosphate nephropathy
Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and bloating
Dizziness and headache

Drug Interactions

Drugs that may affect electrolyte levels (diuretics, ACE inhibitors, ARBs, NSAIDs)
Drugs that prolong QT interval due to electrolyte shifts
Oral medications with narrow therapeutic index whose absorption may be altered by rapid bowel transit
Lithium (may decrease lithium levels due to increased renal clearance)

Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use