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VARIOUS › CONTRAST MEDIA › X-RAY CONTRAST MEDIA, IODINATED › Watersoluble, hepatotropic X-ray contrast media
adipiodone
V08AC04
Forms & Strengths
- Injectable solution for IV use
- 300 mg I/mL (300 mg Iodine per mL)
- 350 mg I/mL formulations
- Available in 50 mL or 100 mL glass vials
Adult Dosing
- IV urography: 1.0–2.0 mL/kg (max 150 mL) diluted with saline
- CT angiography: 0.5–0.7 mL/kg (max 100 mL) injected at 3–5 mL/s
- Peripheral angiography: 0.8–1.0 mL/kg (max 125 mL)
- Adjust dose in renal impairment (eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73 m²) – use lowest effective volume
Pediatric Dosing
- Urography: 1.0–2.0 mL/kg (max 100 mL)
- CT angiography: 0.5–0.7 mL/kg (max 70 mL)
- Neonates/infants: 1.0 mL/kg, titrate to image quality
- Avoid in premature infants <32 weeks gestation unless essential
Indications
- Contrast‑enhanced radiography
- CT angiography and perfusion studies
- Intravenous urography
- Peripheral and cerebral angiography
- Myelography (off‑label in some regions)
Mechanism of Action
- Iodine atoms (Z=53) absorb X‑rays, increasing radiodensity of vascular and extracellular spaces
- Non‑ionic, monomeric structure provides high osmolarity but lower than ionic agents, reducing endothelial irritation
Contraindications
- Documented severe hypersensitivity to iodinated contrast media
- Uncontrolled hyperthyroidism
- Severe renal failure (eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73 m²) unless benefits outweigh risks
- Pregnancy – avoid unless absolutely necessary
- Breastfeeding – caution; discontinue if infant shows adverse effects
Adverse Reactions
- Mild: warmth, flushing, metallic taste, nausea, vomiting, mild urticaria
- Moderate: bronchospasm, hypertension, transient tachycardia, mild renal function rise
- Severe: anaphylactoid reaction, hypotension, arrhythmia, contrast‑induced nephropathy, thyroid storm
- Delayed: skin rash, serum sickness–like reaction
Drug Interactions
- Nephrotoxic agents (aminoglycosides, NSAIDs, amphotericin B) ↑ risk of CIN
- Metformin – hold 48 h after contrast in patients with reduced renal function
- Beta‑blockers may mask tachycardia and potentiate hypertension
- ACE inhibitors/ARBs – increase CIN risk; consider temporary discontinuation
- Iodinated drugs (e.g., thyroid hormone preparations) – may exacerbate thyroid dysfunction
Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use